Pump



April 25, 1933. F. HElTGER 1,905,284

PUMP v Filed Sept. 27. 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 pril 25, 1933. F. H,HEITGER 1,905,284

` PUMP I' Filed Sept. 27, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 FHCZger,

atm Mq Patented Apr. 25, 1933 UNITED sTATEs worms-i 'PATENT OFFICE G.IIEITGER, or Emmi, MICHIGAN, Harman, nacnnsan PUMP . 'pplication ledSeptember 27, 1928. Serial No. 308,609.

This invention relates to improvements in pumping mechanism and moreparticularly to fuel feeding systems of the type in which the fuel ispumped from a low level supply direct to the constant level or oatchamber of a carburetor.

Lately, it is becoming common practice to utilize a diaphragm pump forforcing the fuel, the diaphragm belng flexible and flexed on the suctionstroke by engine driven means, and being operated on its dischargestroke by resilient means, such as a spring. The diaphragm is usuallymade of a fibrous material treated so as to render it impervious togasoline, etc., but this treating renders the material of the diaphragmmore or less stiff as the temperature grows colder, so that theresilient means, (the spring which is calibrated properly for a normaltemperature) fails to overcome this stiii'ness,

and consequently, the diaphragm in cold weather fails to make its normalstroke or discharge rate.

It is the purpose of this invention to remedy this trouble by usingsuitable means such as a thermostatic element that is affected by a dropin temperature for compensating for the stiii'ness of the diaphragm,whereby as the temperature grows colder, the pressure exerted on thisdiaphra m by thev resilient means may be stronger, t is tending tomaintain the pum pressure so that the rate of discharge to t e constantlevel chamber may at such times, be maintained or increased over normalpressure or rate of dischar e.

The resilient means that actuates the vdiahra on its discharge strokemay itself ge a'. ected by temperature, or it may not .be so affected,but be combined with an element which will be affected by temperaturechan es. In fact, the invention ertains broadly to means affecting thevo ume of fuel lfed by a pump to a carburetor, and including athermostatic element to control the volume of fuel fed by any type ofpump to the carburetor this thermostatic element being affected bychanges of temperature, whereby the amount of fuel received by thecarburetor ma be maintained or increased. The constructlonmay besuch-that at low temperatures, the volume of fuel fed to the carburetormay be the same as'that at higher temperatures, or be greater than thatlfed'at higher temperatures:

The invention may take many forms, and` it is the primary object of theinvention to combine a pump and a communicating carburetor withthermostatic means for .automatically varying the amount of fuelreceivedby the carburetor from the pump.

Another object ofthe invention is to com- (bine such thermostaticcontrol means with a manual control operable from a remote point, suchas the dash board of an automobile, 'for manually controlling thevariation of the pump feed in addition to thermostatically controllingthe same.

A still further obect is to combine with such manual control, means4which may be attached to the manual fcontrol for operat-'' ing thechoker valve of the carburetor with the pumpcfeed varying means.

Another object is to provide, in a combination of this character, meansfor by-passing the fuel fed by the pump to the carburetor float chamber,in order that the fuel may be fed Vdirectly to the float chamber withoutpassing the float operated valve, or if desired, be fed directly to thecarburetor nozzle without passing through said float chamber.

Other objects will appear as the invention is described in connectionwith the accompanying drawings.

Referring to the drawings, o

Fig. 1 is a -vertical sectional view of a diaphragm pump forming part ofmy invention, and including a resilient spring for `operating thediaphragm on its discharge Fig. 3' `is a transverse vertical sectional100 view of the modified pump, taken on Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical sectional view, taken on line 4-4 of Fi1.

Fig. 5 is an elevation part section of any suitable pumpsuch as thoseillustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, combined with means for by-passing some ofthe fuel from the pump back to the source of supply for instance, suchby-pass having means for controlling the same either thermostatically ormanually.

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view of a modified pump including a,solid piston *and a diaphragm, the chamber between the piston anddiaphragm communicating with the atmosphere and the communicationpassage- Way being controlled by a thermostatic valve which may, ifdesired, be manually actuated.

Fig. 7 is a transverse vertical sectional view of the pump shown in Fig.6, taken. on line 7-7 of that ligure.

Fig. 8 is a detail view, partly in vertical section, of means forconnectin the manual control to the choke valve o the carburetor forinstance, such connecting means permitting the pump control to beactuated before the choke valve is put in operation.

Fig.- 9 is a side elevation of an internal combustion engine providedwith one form of fuel feeding means, made in accordance with myinvention, but in which the carburetor is modified so as to by-pass thefuel fed by the pump, around the float controlled valve of thecarburetor.

Fig. 10 is a side elevation, partly in vertical section, of a portion ofthe fuel feeding means shown in Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional view of a modification of the structureshown in Fig. 10, and villustrating the manner in which the pumped fuelmay be by-passed directly to 'the main fuel nozzle of the carburetor.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 1 1 desi lates apipe line through which fuel is rawn from a low level source by a pump2, which forces the same through a conduit 3 to the float chamber orconstant level chamber of a carburetor (not shown). l

In this form of the invention, the pump casing is designated 4, and itscover 5, and between these parts, the edge of a diaphragm 6 is securedby suitable means, such as screws 7. A reciprocating rod 8 has athreaded extension which extends through the central portion of thediaphragm, and arrangedy on opposite sides of the diaphragm and mountedon this extension are metallic saucer-shaped disks 9 which guard thediaphragm against undue lexmg. The parts 6 and 9 are secured to the rod8 by a i nut 10 which clamps the same against a collar 11, fixed on orintegral with the rod.

The rod is moved toward the right on y in verticalwill therefore be recothe suction stroke ofthe pump, by means of a cam 12 which engages a yoke13 forming part of the rod, and as the rod reciprocates, its guideextension 14 slides in a bearing 15 in one end of the pump casing. Thecam or eccentric 12 is fast on a shaft 16 that may be continuouslydriven by isome part of the internal combustion engine with which thepump is used, so long as the engine is running.

The pressure or discharge stroke of the pump is caused by any suitablethermostatic spring, for instance, a U-shaped spring 17, made up oflaminations of suitable metals, clamped together by some binding device18. The ends of this spring engage respectively notches 19, cut in theabutment 11 and in an abutment 20 which is slidable along the rod 8. Themovement of the abutment 20 toward the right 4is limited by a lever 21,pivotally mounted at 22 onV the pump casing, and extending to theexterior of the casing. A control rod 23 is connected to theouter end ofthe lever, and may `extend to the dash board of an automobile,forinstance, and when the operator pulls the rod, the lever will beswung in a clockwise direction, and this will put additional tension onthe spring 17.

The normal tension of the spring may be brought about by manipulating anad]ust able stop screw 24, which engages threads formed in the pumpcasing, and abuts against the lever. The abnormal tensioning of thespring is limited by a fixed abutment 25 forming part of the casing.

As the diaphragm' 6 is actuated, the fuel will be drawn past an intakevalve 26, into the pumping chamber 27, and then be forced fromthis-chamber past the outlet valve 28, into the line 3.

For an understanding of the operation` of themdevice, let us assume thatthis pump is interposed in the pipe line leading from the fuel supplytank to the carburetor of an internal combustion engine drivenautomobile. When the engine is in operation, the eccentric 12 will movethe yoke 13 in one direction to cause the diaphragm 6 to draw fuelthrough the line 1, and then the spring 17 will act on the diaphragm toforce` this fuel into the line 3 which conveys it to the oat chamber ofthe carburetor. Now,

.if in cold. weather, thediaphragm stiffens and has a tendency to worksluggishly at the same time, the thermostatic spring will tend to spreador lengthen with the result that increased tension will be placed onvthe diaphragm, and consequently, on" the discharge stroke of the pump,the rate of discharge may be just the same as-that in warm weather, oreven greater if so desired. It i 'zed that owing to thepresent'invention, t ere will be no handi- I In cap in theifuel feeding,due tothe stilening of the diaphragm.

As the present invention includes manumotive control means, as well asthe thermostatic control, it may also be seen that the operator canincrease the tension of the spring whenever desired, regardless ofthetemperature. This is an advantage particularly inv starting the motorduring cold weather, for the operator, by pulling on the rod 23 mayconsiderably increase the tension of the spring, with the result that agreater amount of fuel may be pumped than normally. Of course, when theoperator releases the rod 23, the spring 17 will vexpand and bring thelever back to its normal position, shown in Fig. 1. s

Instead of using a thermostatic spring, I may produce the same resultsby employing anV ordinary non-thermostatic spring, and

v combining this with a thermostatic element.

AI combine with its slidab Such a modification of the invention is shownin Figs. 2 spring 17a is an ordinary coil spring, and

y e abutment 20w, a thermostatic plate 176. This plate may bc made ofleaves of suitable metals, and one of its ends extends through anopening 17o in the pump casing, and is connected by a screw 17d to an`ear 17e forming part of the casing. The normal tension of the plate maybe adjusted by a screw 17 which engages threads in the ear and a thethermostatic element.

s shown in these figures, the hand controlled lever 21a may also beemployed if desired, for the purpose of` adjusting the tension ofthespring, regardless of the temperature.

It' is believed that the operation of the modified form of the pump andits control some of the fuel back .to

carburetor means may be readil of the explanation o structure disclosedin Fig. 1.

As heretofore stated, the general object in view may be accomplishedeither with or without varying Vthe tension of the diaphragm actuatingspring, and in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, I have disclosed embodiments which willallow variation of the feed without altering the tension of any s ring,if desired. For example, in Fig. 5, t e pump 2a may be of the typeunderstood, in view the operation of the fore used, and not providedwith any means for varying the tension of the diaphragm of pumpemployed, the fuel is fed by the pumpthrough a line 3azon its way (notshown), and means are located in this pipe line to by-pass, if desired,its source, and this by-pass is controlled either thermostatically,manually,

manually. For example, a casing 30 is inthe source of supp mounted onand 3. In this example, the

uts againstl shown in Figs. 1 or' 2,- or it may be the ordinary pumphereto-f e type to the or both thermostatically and terposed in\ thepipe line and includes a port 31, through which the fuel may flow to apassageway 32 that leads to a conduit ,'33 which may returnla portion ofthe fuel to A valve 34 controls this port, and` it may be carried by asliding thermostatic element 36. This element may also consist oflaminations of suitable metals, and one end of the laminations maybesecured by a screw 37 within vthe casing. Another screw 38 extendsthrough thelaminations and abuts against a fixed part of the casing. Itmay be employed to adjust the thermostat.

If desired, as before stated, an arm 39,

a rock shaft 40 may be employed to permit. the operator to adjust thevalve 34, and if such a structure is used, the rock shaft will extendthrough one side of the casing and be provided with an outside arm 41connected by a rod 42 to the dash board of the vehicle, to permit theoperator to make adjustments from a remote point.

In the operation of -this form of the invention, let us assume that-thepump 20 is of the diaphragm type, and that the diaphragm tends tostiiienas the temperature lowers. Normally, the valve 34 will be in theposition shown in Fig. 5, so that a portion of the fuel normally pumpedwill byv pass through 31, 32 and 33, back tothe fed directly through thepipe line posterior to thg casing 30. y

In the form of the invention shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the pump casing 2bmay be provided with supporting ears 2c which receive screws 2d' emploed in mounting the pump. In this case, t e pump has a solid piston 45positively driven in both directions from a movable part ofthe engine bya rod or pitman 46. `The diaphragm 47 in this example, is not directlyconnected with the piston, but is s aced from the latter by a chamber 48w ich bleeds to atmosphere through ports 49 and 50. The port 49 iscontrolled by a thermostat 51, and in cold weather, this thermostattends to close the port so thatsubstantially the full pressure of thepiston 45 is felt by the diaphragm 47 at such times. It is obvious thatthe degree of closing of the port 49 by the thermostat will govern theamount ofv pressure placed on the diaphragm bythe piston.

At times, it ma be desirable to vary the position of the thermostat4from the dash board of the vehicle, and this may be accomstem 35 thatmay be attached to, or' otherwise moved with aplished by a lever 52 anda rod 53, the latter extending `to the dash board.

If the pump control is so connected with the choke valve of thevcarburetor as to coact with the latter, it is apparent that the feed ofthe pump may be varied at the same time as the choking of thecarburetor, and in Fig. 8, I have shown a detail by which the pumpcontrol may be connected to the choke valve of the carburetor. In thisinstance, the control lever 2lb of the pump is apertured at 210 toslidably receive a rod 21d which may extend to the carburetor chokevalve lever (not shown). A spring 21e surrounds the rod and abuts at oneend against an enlargement 21f on the rod, and

at its other end, against the lever. With such a construction, it willbe understood that when the operator pulls the control rod 23a, he willfirst vary the tension of the diaphragm actuating spring, and if hecontinues to pull on the rod, he will then cause the rod 21d to move thechoke valve of the carburetor to closed position. Consequently, the rateof discharge of the pump may be increased if desired, at the same timeas the carburetor is choked.

desired further to not alone control the pump with the choke valve o fthe carburetor, but

. it may also be desirable to by-pass some of the pumped liquid aroundthe float controlled valve of the carburetor, and means foraccomplishing this result are illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10. In thisform of the invention, the internal combustion engine is designated 60,and 61 indicates generally the carbureton The pump is shown at 62, and

it forces fuel from the line 63 through the pipe 64 to the floatchamber-65 of the carburetor. As shown in Fig. 10, the fuel normallypumped enters the float chamber through a port 66 which is controlled bythe float actuated valve 67. When, however, the feed of the pump isvaried or changed` by operating the lever 68 of the pump-v, some or allof the fuel is by-passed through a bypass conduit 69.' This conduit iscontrolled by a .valve 70 having an actuating arm 71 that is connectedby a rod 72 to the lever 68.

With this construction, it will be understoodthat when the lever 68 ismoved in a clockwise direction bv the operator pulling on the controlrod 73, the arm 71 will also be swung in a clock-wise direction, so thatthe fuel may travel through the by-pass instead of'through the port 66.

The structure shown in Figs. 9 and, 10 may also be modified asillustrated in Fig. 11, whereby any 'amount of the pumped fuel may beby-passed through the conduit 74, directly to the fuel nozzle 75 withoutentering the float chamber 76.

Those skilled inthe art will recognize that numerous changes may be madein the details disclosed, and that the invention may be used for manypurposes, without departing from the spirit of the invention as claimed.

What is claimed and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. A fuel pump having a flexible forcing member and a resilient elementfor actuating the 'same for its discharge stroke, and means including athermostatic element for increasing the force of said resilientelement.'

2. In combination a pump having a thernio-resilient element forproducing a pressure stroke and manually operated means for varying theforce of the thermo-resilient element.

3. A fuel pump comprising a pump casing having a movable wall serving asthe pump piston, means for moving said wall in l posite direction andmanual means for vary- Under certain c1rcumstances, 1t may be ing thetension of said resilient thermostatic element.

5. A pump comprising a pump casing having a flexible wall serving as thepump piston, a rod connected to said wall, means for reciprocating saidrod to move said wall in one direction and an abutment adjustablymounted vin respect to said movable Wall, a resilient thermostaticelement disposed between said abutment and said movable wall for movingsaid wall in the opposite direction, and means for holding said abutmentin vadjusted position.

6. A pump comprising a pump casing having a movable wall serving as thepump piston, means for moving said Wall 1n onedirection, an adjustableabutment, a thermostatic resilient element ldis osed between saidabutment and said movable wall for moving said wall in the oppositedirection and means for holding said abutment in adjusted position.

7. A pump comprising a pump casing having a movable wall serving as thepump piston, a piston rod connected to said movable wall for moving saidwall in one direction, a movably mounted abutment, a resilientthermostatic element disposed between said abutment and said movablewall for moving 4 only, an abutment slidably mounted on said piston rod,a thermostatic resilient element disposed between said abutment and saidmovable wall, a pivoted lever having means 5 for operating-the sameengaging said abutment and means for limiting the movement of saidlever.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aix my signature. 1o

FRANK H. HEITGER.

